RESUMO
BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in a global crisis, affecting hundreds of millions of individuals, with Indonesia reporting a significant increase in cases in July 2021. AIM: This study aims to describe the clinical, laboratory findings, radiological features, and outcomes of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. METHOD(S): This retrospective study was carried out using 606 hospitalized COVID-19 patients who were admitted to the isolation ward in a hospital in South Jakarta, Indonesia, from January 1 to April 30, 2021. RESULT(S): The median age of the patients was 45 years, 55.6% were male, and 85.5% had non-severe diseases, with the most common presenting symptoms being fever, cough, and gastrointestinal symptoms. Patients with severe disease were significantly older (p < 0.001), most of them have hypertension (p < 0.05) and diabetes (p < 0.001), have an increased CRP (p < 0.001), high ferritin (p < 0.001), and increased D-dimer (p < 0.001). Compared to patients who survived, patients who had died were older (p < 0.001), had hypertension (p = 0.013), increased CRP (p < 0.001), high ferritin (p = 0.002), and increased D-dimer (p = 0.006). CONCLUSION(S): These results showed that older age, comorbidities, and a higher level of CRP, ferritin, and D-dimer increased the risk of severe disease and poor clinical outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.Copyright © 2023 Wulyo Rajabto, Prasna Pramita, Hilman Tadjoedin, Donnie Lumban Gaol, R. A. Sri Hardini, Nirmala Purbasari Tarigan, Vitya Chandika, Rumuat Semuel Wullul Manangka, Maria Pyrhadistya.
RESUMO
In March 2020, the Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was announced by the World Health Organization (WHO). A novel strain of coronavirus, recently named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) created the disease, which showed symptoms similar to SARS. The virus's bond determines its pathogenesis with its host's cell receptors, mainly the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2). It is a factor of the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS), that holds a vital function in hematopoiesis of hematologic malignancies. There is mRNA expression of the RAS component, so there is an increase in ACE2 levels in patients with leukemia, primarily the myeloid type. Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) malignant blood cells can escape from the immune system through a biochemical mechanism that causes AML cells to deactivate Natural Killer (NK) and cytotoxic lymphoid cells (cytotoxic T cells (CTC). This review article aims to explain the molecular mechanism, including leukemia patients' immune system with COVID-19 and recommendations for patients and hemato-oncologists. © 2022 Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Education & Research ;Published by SPER Publication